Hosting
A major part of having a web presence is of course putting your stuff
on the web. This means putting it on a computer which is accessible to
others over the internet using the HTTP protocol
(if you've ever wondered what that 'http://' stands for in the web
addresses, it stands from this protocol, which is short for HyperText
Transfer Protocol).
One way to do it is make your own computer into a web server. I'm not
going to go into this, and it's usually not the best option anyway,
since few people have the bandwidth at home to provide web pages at any
reasonable speed.
This leaves you with the option to put your data on some other person's
web server. This is typically referred to as hosting, especially in the
context of having your own domain name.
It's not necessary, however, to have your own domain to have web
presence. Lots of people have pages on the web and don't have a domain.
All you need to do is find a place willing to keep your files for you.
Luckily there are a lot of places which will do this for free. Others
charge money, and provide more features for it. I'll get into this
later. For now let's assume that you're just starting and want a small
and simple web presence, like my own site.
There are quite a few ways to get free hosting for simple websites.
Here are a few:
- Your ISP (Internet Service Provider) might give you some web
space. For
example, I connect to the internet through a company called Barak, and
they give me 1MB of space as part of the bargain. It's not a lot, but
it's enough for a simple site like et3d.com. If you go there, you'll
see that the actual URL (Uniform
Resource Locator, or in short that
'http://...' web address) is at barak-online.net.
- There are quite a few places that give you free space on the web,
typically with advertising. Geocities is one examples.
- You might get some free web space when you buy a domain. For
example, I
bought eyalteler.com at Netfirms
and got 25MB of web space, some of
which I'm using for this guide. Like Geocities and most other places
which offer free hosting, Netfirms adds ads to my pages, and get money
from that.
I'll provide a little more comprehensive list of hosts (including free
hosts) later on.
For now I'd like to go into the other part of hosting, which is tying
your web space to your domain. By this I mean that, having bought a
domain name, you naturally want people who type that name (like
www.eyalteler.com) to see your pages.
Domain hosting is the most natural
way to go about it. It can also be the easiest, if you buy both the
domain and the hosting from the same place. I got some space for free
at Netfirms
when I bought the domain name from them. But note that if you just have
some free hosting at Geocities or whatever, you can't just have a
domain pointed there -- the host must give you the ability to set this
up.
If you don't find a free place to get domain hosting, or you want more
than you can get for free, then you have to pay for it. Prices for
hosting vary widely, depending on the level of service, the
amount of web space, the bandwidth allocated to the site, which server
side languages are supported (if any), the number of mailboxes,
subdomains, ftp connections, and other factor.
You can go here for a fuller
explanation of the above terms. The short of it is that prices can
range from $1 a month for a site that's hosted in India and has bad
technical support to hundreds of dollars per months for a site that's
guaranteed to be available virtually 24 hours a day, 365.25 days a
year, is backed up daily and allows millions of simultaneous users. (I
may be exaggerating a bit or getting the price wrong, as I've never
dealt with that kind of high end site, and I don't suppose that's what
you're looking for anyway.)
Another way to get your domain name associated with your site is forwarding. This means that when the
browser goes to the site, it gets the response "I'm really at that
other address" and goes there instead. The benefit of this is that you
don't have to work hard to link the domain with the site. If you
already have a site somewhere, and just want to be able to tell people
more easily than "it's at barak dash online dot net slash eyal teler",
then forwarding is a good way for that.
This does lack a certain professionality, since people will look at the
browser and see the actual address, not the domain name. It's possible
to hide this -- it's called "stealth forwarding" or "masking" at
variour places. It works by putting a container (a frame in HTML,
which is the language most pages are written with -- if you use "view
source" in the browser you'll see it) which loads your forwarded site
within it. This has some limitations. For example, not all forwarding
services will pass the path (such as /more/info/bla.html) correctly,
and it will likely not show on the browser. You might have to do extra
work to navigate outside the site without the other site retaining your
domain in the browser, and so on. In short, if you're looking for that
professional look, it's better to get real domain hosting, and not just
to forward.
[To be continued]